There are various types of hyperpigmentation, including melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and two types of freckles, the first due to exposure to the sun (solar freckles) and the second which is associated with age (age-related freckles). Melanin is responsible for all types. When UV rays penetrate the epidermis, they start the process that produces melanin and forms it on the surface of the skin. The best protection against hyperpigmentation is seeking shade and applying sunscreen.
For the reduction of possible discoloration, the dermatologist may suggest various medical treatments, from topical medication to peeling, laser and light treatment. Some of the recommended treatments are:
- Fractional laser of the face: laser of facial resurfacing that restores the glow of the face, erases the signs of time and photoaging. It visibly reduces the brown spots and the sunspots.
- Dermapen-microneedling: its action is based on the natural mechanisms of the skin’s self-healing as it performs controlled micro-injuries on the upper layers of the skin, thus stimulating the production of collagen and elastin. Ideal for the reduction and elimination of scars, sunspots and discolorations.
- Chemical peelings: depending on the needs of the skin the corresponding peeling is selected.